CAS R2 scripting

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This page contains information about Toolpack CAS R2 variant scripting.
+
This page contains information about TelcoBridges CAS R2 variant scripting.
  
 
Refer to the default script (itu.lua) in the Toolpack Web Portal for a complete working variant script example.
 
Refer to the default script (itu.lua) in the Toolpack Web Portal for a complete working variant script example.
  
−
== Overview ==
+
In this page, using the term "application" may refer to Toolpack or any other application using the basic TelcoBridges CAS R2 stack API.
−
[[CAS|CAS R2]] signaling is done in two parts: line signaling and register signaling. In CAS R2 for E1 trunks, line signaling uses a single timeslot to communicate call states (such as off-hook, answering) for the remaining timeslots. Register signaling is the exchange of tones to convey information such as the calling number, called number and calling party category. Toolpack CAS R2 scripts allow complete customization of the register signaling process, while having some characteristics of the line signaling process customizable. Scripts also contain information relative to the conversion of register signaling data - group B signals and categories - into a format that Toolpack can interpret.
+
  
−
== Mandatory elements ==
+
= Overview =
−
In order for CAS R2 variant scripts to work, some variables, tables and events must be defined from within scripts. All of the following elements are required; if one of these elements is not present, it will not be possible to save the script in the Toolpack Web Portal.
+
[[CAS|CAS R2]] signaling is done in two parts: line signaling and register signaling. In CAS R2 for E1 trunks, Line signaling|line signaling uses a single [[timeslot]] to communicate call states (such as off-hook, answering) for the remaining timeslots. Register signaling is the exchange of MFR2 tones to convey information such as the calling number, called number and calling party category. TelcoBridges CAS R2 scripts allow complete customization of the register signaling process, while having some characteristics of the line signaling process customizable. Scripts also contain information relative to the conversion of register signaling data - group B signals and categories - into a format that the application can interpret. The scripting language is Lua.
 +
 
 +
= Mandatory elements =
 +
In order for CAS R2 variant scripts to work, some variables, tables and events must be defined from scripts. All of the following elements are required. If one of these elements is not present, it will not be possible to save the script in the Toolpack Web Portal or load it on the adapter.
  
 
=== VARIANT_ID ===
 
=== VARIANT_ID ===
−
The VARIANT_ID variable must be filled to distinguish variants from another. More precisely, it is used when transporting [[#Group B conversion information|group B]] and [[#Category conversion information|category]] information with calls in order to possibly convert information meaning across variants.
+
The VARIANT_ID variable must be filled to distinguish variants from each other. More precisely, it is used when transporting [[#Group B conversion information|group B]] and [[#Category conversion information|category]] information with calls in order to convert information meaning across variants.
  
−
Default CAS R2 TelcoBridges scripts have variant IDs starting from 1. To avoid future conflicts, user scripts variant IDs should be prefixed with a sufficiently high value. For example, a modified ITU variant could have a ID equal to 0x0001001.
+
Default CAS R2 TelcoBridges scripts have variant IDs starting from 1. To avoid future conflicts, user scripts variant IDs should be prefixed with a sufficiently high value. For example, a modified ITU variant could have a ID equal to 0x0001001. Scripts may only share the same variant ID as other scripts if the category and group B meanings are exactly identical.
  
−
=== Group B conversion information ===
+
== Group B conversion information ==
 
Group B conversion information in scripts is used to convert group B information between CAS R2 variants and between other signaling types. The following elements must be filled so that these conversions can be completed successfully.
 
Group B conversion information in scripts is used to convert group B information between CAS R2 variants and between other signaling types. The following elements must be filled so that these conversions can be completed successfully.
  
−
==== GROUPB_DIGIT_TO_MEANING ====
+
=== GROUPB_DIGIT_TO_MEANING ===
 
Each GROUPB_DIGIT_TO_MEANING table element must contain two values: a digit and a meaning. The digit must be a valid digit value (1 to 15) and the meaning must be a valid meaning (see [[#Group B meanings|Group B meanings]]). Each digit must be present in the table.
 
Each GROUPB_DIGIT_TO_MEANING table element must contain two values: a digit and a meaning. The digit must be a valid digit value (1 to 15) and the meaning must be a valid meaning (see [[#Group B meanings|Group B meanings]]). Each digit must be present in the table.
  
−
This table is used to convert group B digits to meaning in the context of an outgoing call. For a given digit, the specified meaning will be propagated to Toolpack.
+
This table is used to convert group B digits to meaning in the context of an outgoing call. For a given digit, the specified meaning will be propagated to the application.
  
−
==== GROUPB_MEANING_TO_DIGIT ====
+
=== GROUPB_MEANING_TO_DIGIT ===
 
Each GROUPB_MEANING_TO_DIGIT table element must contain two values: a meaning and a digit. Meanings must not appear more than once in the table.
 
Each GROUPB_MEANING_TO_DIGIT table element must contain two values: a meaning and a digit. Meanings must not appear more than once in the table.
  
−
This table is used to convert meanings to digits for an incoming call. This is mostly used for calls where the other leg belongs to another signaling type, although it will be used if the other leg's signaling type is CAS R2 but the variant is different and there was no match in the [[#GROUPB_OTHER_DIGITS|GROUPB_OTHER_DIGITS]] table.
+
This table is used to convert meanings to digits for an incoming call. This is mostly used for calls where the other call legs belong to another signaling type. It will be used if the other leg's signaling type is CAS R2 but the variant is different and there was no match in the [[#GROUPB_OTHER_DIGITS|GROUPB_OTHER_DIGITS]] table.
  
 
If a meaning is not found in this table, the meaning corresponding to [[#GROUPB_DEFAULT_DIGIT|GROUPB_DEFAULT_DIGIT]] will be used.
 
If a meaning is not found in this table, the meaning corresponding to [[#GROUPB_DEFAULT_DIGIT|GROUPB_DEFAULT_DIGIT]] will be used.
  
−
==== GROUPB_DEFAULT_DIGIT ====
+
=== GROUPB_DEFAULT_DIGIT ===
 
This variable must be filled with a valid digit value. It will be used when lookups in the [[#GROUPB_MEANING_TO_DIGIT|GROUPB_MEANING_TO_DIGIT]] table fail.
 
This variable must be filled with a valid digit value. It will be used when lookups in the [[#GROUPB_MEANING_TO_DIGIT|GROUPB_MEANING_TO_DIGIT]] table fail.
  
−
==== GROUPB_OTHER_DIGITS ====
+
=== GROUPB_OTHER_DIGITS ===
 
Each GROUPB_OTHER_DIGITS table element must contain three values: a variant ID and two valid digit values. This table may be empty but cannot be omitted.
 
Each GROUPB_OTHER_DIGITS table element must contain three values: a variant ID and two valid digit values. This table may be empty but cannot be omitted.
  
 
This table is used to convert a variant ID and a digit combination to a digit for the current variant in an outgoing call scenario.
 
This table is used to convert a variant ID and a digit combination to a digit for the current variant in an outgoing call scenario.
  
−
=== Category conversion information ===
+
== Category conversion information ==
−
==== CATEGORY_DIGIT_TO_MEANING ====
+
Category conversion information in scripts is used to convert category information between CAS R2 variants and between other signaling types. The following elements must be filled so that these conversions can be completed successfully.
−
==== CATEGORY_MEANING_TO_DIGIT ====
+
 
−
==== CATEGORY_OTHER_DIGITS ====
+
The pattern used to handle categories is identical to the one used for [[#Group B conversion information|group B conversions]].
−
==== CATEGORY_DEFAULT_DIGIT ====
+
 
 +
=== CATEGORY_DIGIT_TO_MEANING ===
 +
Each CATEGORY_DIGIT_TO_MEANING table element must contain two values: a digit and a meaning. The digit must be a valid digit value (1 to 15) and the meaning must be a valid meaning (see [[#Category meanings|Category meanings]]). Each digit must be present in the table.
 +
 
 +
This table is used to convert category digits to meaning in the context of an outgoing call. For a given digit, the specified meaning will be propagated to the application.
 +
 
 +
=== CATEGORY_MEANING_TO_DIGIT ===
 +
Each CATEGORY_MEANING_TO_DIGIT table element must contain two values: a meaning and a digit. Meanings must not appear more than once in the table.
 +
 
 +
This table is used to convert meanings to digits for an incoming call. This is mostly used for calls where the other leg belongs to another signaling type, although it will be used if the other leg's signaling type is CAS R2 but the variant is different and there was no match in the [[#CATEGORY_OTHER_DIGITS|CATEGORY_OTHER_DIGITS]] table.
 +
 
 +
If a meaning is not found in this table, the meaning corresponding to [[#CATEGORY_DEFAULT_DIGIT|CATEGORY_DEFAULT_DIGIT]] will be used.
 +
 
 +
=== CATEGORY_DEFAULT_DIGIT ===
 +
This variable must be filled with a valid digit value. It will be used when lookups in the [[#CATEGORY_MEANING_TO_DIGIT|CATEGORY_MEANING_TO_DIGIT]] table fail.
 +
 
 +
=== CATEGORY_OTHER_DIGITS ===
 +
Each CATEGORY_OTHER_DIGITS table element must contain three values: a variant ID and two valid digit values. This table may be empty but cannot be omitted.
 +
 
 +
This table is used to convert a variant ID and a digit combination to a digit for the current variant in an outgoing call scenario.
 +
 
 +
== Event handlers ==
 +
Four register signaling event handlers must be defined in the script.
 +
 
 +
=== Call context table ===
 +
Each event handler will have a table passed as a parameter. This table is the call context table, and contains critical information about the state of the call. Once calls are created (through Bwd_HandleNewCall and Fwd_HandleNewCall), the script must initialize the table with its own state information. Also, for incoming calls, as they go on, the script must fill the table with the collected signaling information. For outgoing calls, the table already contains this signaling information. The signaling information fields contained in the table are as follows:
 +
 
 +
{| class="wikitable" border="1" cellspacing="0"
 +
! align="left" | Table element
 +
! align="left" | Description
 +
|-
 +
| DestinationNumber|| String of digits representing the called (destination) number.
 +
|-
 +
| OriginNumber|| String of digits representing the calling (origin) number.
 +
|-
 +
| Category|| Digit representing the calling party category. See [[#Category conversion information|Category conversion information]].
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
=== Return values ===
 +
Each event handlers must return two values. The first value is the action to take immediately or shortly following the call of the event. It must be set to one of the four following values:
 +
 
 +
{| class="wikitable" border="1" cellspacing="0"
 +
! align="left" | First return value
 +
! align="left" | Description
 +
|-
 +
| WAIT_SIGNAL || Generally emits the digit provided as the second return value, and waits for the response or the next compelled sequence.
 +
|-
 +
| END_SIGNALING || Ends the call with the provided digit.
 +
|-
 +
| VALIDATE_CALL || (Incoming only) Sends the cumulated signaling information to the application and ends the signaling.
 +
|-
 +
| PULSE_SIGNAL || (Incoming only) Emits a pulsed signal.
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
The second return value is the digit that accompanies the action, or '''NO_DIGIT''' if no digit must be emitted. Its meaning depends on the first return value.
  
 
=== Backward event handlers ===
 
=== Backward event handlers ===
 +
The following event functions must be defined so that the CAS R2 stack can proceed with register signaling for incoming calls.
 +
 
==== Bwd_HandleNewCall ====
 
==== Bwd_HandleNewCall ====
 +
The Bwd_HandleNewCall event is called whenever an incoming call is discovered on a timeslot. The purpose of this event is for the script to initialize local variables that will be used throughout the tone exchanges.
 +
 +
The event will have the call context table passed as a parameter. This table must be filled with the call state information required by the script for a new incoming call.
 +
 +
The event must return two values as described in the following table:
 +
{| class="wikitable" border="1" cellspacing="0"
 +
! align="left" | First return value
 +
! align="left" | Description
 +
|-
 +
| WAIT_SIGNAL || Waits for the first compelled sequence to be initiated. The second return value must be '''NO_DIGIT'''.
 +
|-
 +
| END_SIGNALING || Ends the call immediately. The second return value must be '''NO_DIGIT'''.
 +
|}
 +
 
==== Bwd_HandleFwdSignal ====
 
==== Bwd_HandleFwdSignal ====
 +
The Bwd_HandleFwdSignal is called whenever a tone signal has been received, which is most likely the beginning of a compelled sequence.
 +
 +
The event will receive two parameters: the call context table (which was also passed to Bwd_HandleNewCall) and the received tone signal. The event must use the received tone signal to fill the DestinationNumber, OriginNumber and Category fields of the call context table.
 +
 +
The event must return two values as described in the following table:
 +
{| class="wikitable" border="1" cellspacing="0"
 +
! align="left" | First return value
 +
! align="left" | Description
 +
|-
 +
| WAIT_SIGNAL || Waits for the next compelled sequence to be initiated. The second return value must be a valid digit as it is emitted as a response to the current compelled sequence.
 +
|-
 +
| END_SIGNALING || Ends the call immediately. The second return value can be either '''NO_DIGIT''' or a valid digit. If the digit is valid and has an acceptance meaning (see the [[#Group B conversion information|Group B conversion information section]]), the call will be accepted without explicit validation by the application. Otherwise, the call will be refused. In both cases, the digit will be emitted.
 +
|-
 +
| VALIDATE_CALL || Sends the cumulated signaling information to the application. The application will then provide a group B meaning (or digit) that will be sent to the outgoing end.
 +
|-
 +
| PULSE_SIGNAL || Instead of waiting for the next compelled sequence, the event handler will be called again with '''NO_DIGIT''' as a second parameter. The second return value must be a valid digit since it will be sent to complete the current compelled sequence.
 +
|}
  
 
=== Forward event handlers ===
 
=== Forward event handlers ===
 +
The following event functions must be defined so that the CAS R2 stack can proceed with register signaling for outgoing calls.
 +
 
==== Fwd_HandleNewCall ====
 
==== Fwd_HandleNewCall ====
 +
The Fwd_HandleNewCall event is called whenever an outgoing call is initiated on a timeslot. The purpose of this event is for the script to initialize local variables that will be used throughout the tone exchanges.
 +
 +
The event will have the call context table passed as a parameter. This table must be filled with the call state information required by the script for a new incoming call.
 +
 +
The event must return two values as described in the following table:
 +
{| class="wikitable" border="1" cellspacing="0"
 +
! align="left" | First return value
 +
! align="left" | Description
 +
|-
 +
| WAIT_SIGNAL || Waits for the response to the compelled sequence to be received. The second return value can be '''NO_DIGIT''' if a pulsed signal is expected. Otherwise, it must be a valid digit that is used to initiate the first compelled sequence.
 +
|-
 +
| END_SIGNALING || Ends the call immediately. The second return value must be '''NO_DIGIT'''.
 +
|}
 +
 
==== Fwd_HandleBwdSignal ====
 
==== Fwd_HandleBwdSignal ====
 +
The Fwd_HandleBwdSignal event is called whenever a tone signal has been received as a response to the current compelled sequence, which is most likely the beginning of a compelled sequence.
  
−
== Optional elements ==
+
The event will receive two parameters: the call context table (which was also passed to Fwd_HandleNewCall) and the received tone signal. The event must use the available DestinationNumber, OriginNumber and Category fields from the call context table to communicate information to the incoming end.
−
The following elements may or may not be defined into a CAS R2 script.
+
 
 +
The event must return two values as described in the following table:
 +
{| class="wikitable" border="1" cellspacing="0"
 +
! align="left" | First return value
 +
! align="left" | Description
 +
|-
 +
| WAIT_SIGNAL || Waits for the response to the compelled sequence to be received. The second return value can be '''NO_DIGIT''' if a pulsed signal is expected. Otherwise, it must be a valid digit that is used to initiate the first compelled sequence.
 +
|-
 +
| END_SIGNALING || Ends the call immediately. The second value must be '''NO_DIGIT'''.
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
= Optional elements =
 +
The following elements may, or may not be, defined in a CAS R2 script.
  
 
=== SCRIPT_FILE_NAME ===
 
=== SCRIPT_FILE_NAME ===
−
When affecting a value to this variable, the Toolpack Web Portal will automatically replace the value to the script name followed by the script revision. If the following piece of code is added appended at the end of the script (this is done for default scripts), it will print a trace when loading a CAS R2 stack which can be recovered using an application such as [[Toolpack Application:tblogtrace|tblogtrace]].
+
When affecting a value to this variable, the Toolpack Web Portal will automatically replace the value to the script name followed by the script revision. If the following piece of code is appended at the end of the script (this is done for default scripts), it will print a trace when loading a CAS R2 stack which can be recovered using an application such as [[Toolpack Application:tblogtrace|tblogtrace]].
  
 
=== VARIABLES ===
 
=== VARIABLES ===
 
The VARIABLES table is used to declare variables which can be altered through the Toolpack Web Portal. Typically, variables declared here contain parameters that affect particular trunks. Each row of this table must contain three elements: the variable name, the variable's default value and the variable's description.
 
The VARIABLES table is used to declare variables which can be altered through the Toolpack Web Portal. Typically, variables declared here contain parameters that affect particular trunks. Each row of this table must contain three elements: the variable name, the variable's default value and the variable's description.
  
−
== Reference ==
+
= Good practices =
−
=== Stack variables ===
+
* Use the '''local''' keyword for declaring variables as much as possible. Non-local variables will stay alive outside the scope of event handlers, which in turn will take more CPU time in the form of garbage collection.
−
{| class="wikitable" border="1" cellspacing="0"
+
 
 +
= Tone generation module selection<br> =
 +
 
 +
By default the VoIP&nbsp;DSP&nbsp;devices are used to generate the MFCR2 tones. If the unit has only IVR DSP&nbsp;devices, or for other reasons, this can be changed by adding these lines to the scripts:<br>
 +
<pre>BWD_VP_GROUP = 0
 +
FWD_VP_GROUP = 0
 +
</pre>
 +
= Script keyword reference  =
 +
 
 +
== Stack variables ==
 +
 
 +
These variables are declared before the VARIABLES table is parsed in a script. A single script will modify the value one of these variables. It is also possible to edit these variables in the Toolpack Web Portal.
 +
 
 +
{| cellspacing="0" border="1" class="wikitable"
 
|-
 
|-
−
! align="left" | Variable name
+
! align="left" | Variable name  
−
! align="left" | Default value
+
! align="left" | Default value  
 
! align="left" | Description
 
! align="left" | Description
 
|-
 
|-
−
|TIMER_BWD_TONE                 || 15000     || Maximum time before a call is closed because the forward end did not emit a tone.
+
| TIMER_BWD_TONE  
 +
| 15000  
 +
| Maximum time before a call is closed because the forward end did not emit a tone.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|TIMER_BWD_PULSE                 || 250       || Length of a pulsed digit.
+
| TIMER_BWD_PULSE  
 +
| 250  
 +
| Length of a pulsed digit.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|TIMER_BWD_PULSE_GUARD           || 100       || Time between the end of a compelled sequence and the beginning of a pulsed digit.
+
| TIMER_BWD_PULSE_GUARD  
 +
| 100  
 +
| Time between the end of a compelled sequence and the beginning of a pulsed digit.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|TIMER_BWD_PULSE_DETECTION       || 3000       || Time elapsed after a compelled sequence that triggers a pulsed digit.
+
| TIMER_BWD_PULSE_DETECTION  
 +
| 3000  
 +
| Time elapsed after a compelled sequence that triggers a pulsed digit.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|TIMER_BWD_ALERT                 || 14000     || Maximum wait time for an ALERT API message.
+
| TIMER_BWD_ALERT  
 +
| 14000  
 +
| Maximum wait time for an ALERT API message.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|TIMER_BWD_ANSWER               || 14000      || Maximum wait time for an ANSWER API message.
+
| TIMER_BWD_ANSWER  
 +
| 300000
 +
| Maximum wait time for an ANSWER API message.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|TIMER_BWD_TERMINATE            || 3000      || Maximum wait time for an TERMINATE API message.
+
| TIMER_BWD_FIRST_METERING_INTERVAL
 +
| 150
 +
| Maximum time for which the CAS bits should stay in the ANSWER state before changing to METERING.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|TIMER_BWD_HOLD_ANSWER          || 100        || Maximum time for which the CAS bits should stay in the ANSWER state before chaning to CLEAR_BACKWARD.
+
| TIMER_BWD_METERING_INTERVAL
 +
| 60000
 +
| Maximum time for which the CAS bits should stay in the ANSWER state before changing to METERING.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|TIMER_BWD_HOLD_CLEAR_BACKWARD  || 200        || Maximum time for which the CAS bits should stay in the CLEAR_BACKWARD state.
+
| TIMER_BWD_METERING_PULSE
 +
| 150
 +
| Maximum time for which the CAS bits should stay in the METERING state before changing to ANSWER.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|TIMER_BWD_HOLD_FORCED_RELEASE  || 200        || Maximum time for which the CAS bits should stay in the FORCED_RELEASE state.
+
| TIMER_BWD_TERMINATE
 +
| 3000
 +
| Maximum wait time for an TERMINATE API message.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|TIMER_BWD_HOLD_IDLE            || 100        || Maximum time for which the CAS bits should stay in the IDLE state before starting a new call on the same timeslot.
+
| TIMER_BWD_WAIT_CLEAR_FORWARD
 +
| 2000
 +
| Maximum wait time for CLEAR_FORWARD CAS bits change when closing a call.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|TIMER_FWD_TONE                  || 15000      || Maximum time before a call is closed because the forward end did not emit a tone.
+
| TIMER_BWD_HOLD_ANSWER
 +
| 100
 +
| Maximum time for which the CAS bits should stay in the ANSWER state before changing to CLEAR_BACKWARD.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|TIMER_FWD_TONE_GUARD            || 0          || Time between the end of a compelled sequence and the beginning of the next one.
+
| TIMER_BWD_HOLD_CLEAR_BACKWARD
 +
| 200
 +
| Maximum time for which the CAS bits should stay in the CLEAR_BACKWARD state.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|TIMER_FWD_SEIZURE_ACK_BIT      || 200       || Maximum time for which the forward end should wait for a CAS bits SEIZURE_ACKNOWLEDGE state.
+
| TIMER_BWD_HOLD_FORCED_RELEASE
 +
| 200  
 +
| Maximum time for which the CAS bits should stay in the FORCED_RELEASE state.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|TIMER_FWD_ANSWER_BIT            || 14000      || Maximum time for which the forward end should wait for a CAS bits ANSWER state.
+
| TIMER_BWD_HOLD_IDLE
 +
| 100
 +
| Maximum time for which the CAS bits should stay in the IDLE state before starting a new call on the same timeslot.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|TIMER_FWD_TERMINATE            || 3000      || Maximum wait time for an TERMINATE API message.
+
| TIMER_FWD_TONE
 +
| 15000
 +
| Maximum time before a call is closed because the forward end did not emit a tone.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|TIMER_FWD_HOLD_SEIZURE          || 100        || Maximum time for which the SEIZURE CAS bits state should be held in case of a collision.
+
| TIMER_FWD_TONE_GUARD
 +
| 0
 +
| Time between the end of a compelled sequence and the beginning of the next one.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|TIMER_FWD_HOLD_IDLE            || 100        || Maximum time for which the CAS bits should stay in the IDLE state before starting a new call on the same timeslot.
+
| TIMER_FWD_SEIZURE_ACK_BIT
 +
| 200
 +
| Maximum time for which the forward end should wait for a CAS bits SEIZURE_ACKNOWLEDGE state.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|TIMER_CAS_CHANGE                || 20        || Time required for a CAS bits state change to take effect.
+
| TIMER_FWD_ANSWER_BIT
 +
| 300000
 +
| Maximum time for which the forward end should wait for a CAS bits ANSWER state.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|ABCD_PATTERN_IDLE              || 0x1001    || CAS R2 bit pattern for the IDLE state.
+
| TIMER_FWD_METERING_PULSE
 +
| 0
 +
| Maximum wait time for an ANSWER CAS bit state to be triggered before a call is terminated.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|ABCD_PATTERN_BLOCKED            || 0x1101    || CAS R2 bit pattern for the BLOCKED state.
+
| TIMER_FWD_TERMINATE
 +
| 3000
 +
| Maximum wait time for an TERMINATE API message.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|ABCD_PATTERN_FWD_SEIZURE        || 0x0001    || CAS R2 bit pattern for the forward SEIZURE state.
+
| TIMER_FWD_HOLD_SEIZURE
 +
| 100
 +
| Maximum time for which the SEIZURE CAS bits state should be held in case of a collision.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|ABCD_PATTERN_FWD_CLEAR_FWD      || 0x1001    || CAS R2 bit pattern for the forward CLEAR state.
+
| TIMER_FWD_HOLD_IDLE
 +
| 100
 +
| Maximum time for which the CAS bits should stay in the IDLE state before starting a new call on the same timeslot.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|ABCD_PATTERN_BWD_SEIZURE_ACK    || 0x1101    || CAS R2 bit pattern for the backward SEIZURE ACKNOWLEDGE state.
+
| TIMER_CAS_CHANGE
 +
| 20
 +
| Time required for a CAS bits state change to take effect.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|ABCD_PATTERN_BWD_ANSWERED      || 0x0101    || CAS R2 bit pattern for the backward ANSWERED state.
+
| ABCD_PATTERN_IDLE
 +
| 0x1001
 +
| CAS R2 bit pattern for the IDLE state.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|ABCD_PATTERN_BWD_CLEAR_BWD      || 0x1101     || CAS R2 bit pattern for the backward CLEAR state.
+
| ABCD_PATTERN_BLOCKED
 +
| 0x1101  
 +
| CAS R2 bit pattern for the BLOCKED state.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|ABCD_PATTERN_BWD_FORCED_RELEASE || 0x0001     || CAS R2 bit pattern for the backward FORCED RELEASE state.
+
| ABCD_PATTERN_FWD_SEIZURE
 +
| 0x0001  
 +
| CAS R2 bit pattern for the forward SEIZURE state.
 
|-
 
|-
−
|USE_FORCED_RELEASE              || 0          || Flag indicating if the CAS R2 line signaling state machine should use the forced release method.
+
| ABCD_PATTERN_FWD_CLEAR_FWD
−
 
+
| 0x1001
 +
| CAS R2 bit pattern for the forward CLEAR state.
 +
|-
 +
| ABCD_PATTERN_BWD_SEIZURE_ACK
 +
| 0x1101
 +
| CAS R2 bit pattern for the backward SEIZURE ACKNOWLEDGE state.
 +
|-
 +
| ABCD_PATTERN_BWD_ANSWERED
 +
| 0x0101
 +
| CAS R2 bit pattern for the backward ANSWERED state.
 +
|-
 +
| ABCD_PATTERN_BWD_CLEAR_BWD
 +
| 0x1101
 +
| CAS R2 bit pattern for the backward CLEAR state.
 +
|-
 +
| ABCD_PATTERN_BWD_FORCED_RELEASE
 +
| 0x0001
 +
| CAS R2 bit pattern for the backward FORCED RELEASE state.
 +
|-
 +
| ABCD_PATTERN_MATCH_MASK
 +
| 0x1100
 +
| CAS R2 bit match mask pattern.
 +
|-
 +
| USE_FORCED_RELEASE
 +
| 0
 +
| Flag indicating if the CAS R2 line signaling state machine should use the forced release method.
 +
|-
 +
| BWD_METERING_PULSE_COUNT
 +
| 0
 +
| Number of metering pulses that the CAS R2 line signaling state machine should emit.
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
=== Group B meanings ===
+
== Group B meanings ==
−
Here is the list of all defined group B meanings:
+
 
 +
Here is the list of all defined group B meanings:  
 +
 
 
  ACCEPT_CHARGE
 
  ACCEPT_CHARGE
 
  ACCEPT_NO_CHARGE
 
  ACCEPT_NO_CHARGE
Line 153: Line 369:
 
  REJECT_INTERWORKING_UNSPECIFIED
 
  REJECT_INTERWORKING_UNSPECIFIED
  
−
=== Category meanings ===
+
== Category meanings ==
−
Here is the list of all defined category meanings:
+
 
 +
Here is the list of all defined category meanings:  
 +
 
 
  CATEGORY_UNKNOWN
 
  CATEGORY_UNKNOWN
 
  CATEGORY_OPERATOR_FRENCH
 
  CATEGORY_OPERATOR_FRENCH
Line 167: Line 385:
 
  CATEGORY_PAYPHONE
 
  CATEGORY_PAYPHONE
  
−
[[category:Needs revising]]
+
[[Routing_script_tutorial:Mini_Development_Guide#Calling_Party_Category|Link to Routing script calling party categories]]
 +
 
 +
= References =
 +
 
 +
* [http://www.lua.org Lua Programming Language official website]
 +
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_signaling Line signaling Wikipedia article]
 +
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Register_signaling Register signaling Wikipedia article]

Latest revision as of 13:56, 22 October 2018

This page contains information about TelcoBridges CAS R2 variant scripting.

Refer to the default script (itu.lua) in the Toolpack Web Portal for a complete working variant script example.

In this page, using the term "application" may refer to Toolpack or any other application using the basic TelcoBridges CAS R2 stack API.

Contents

Overview

CAS R2 signaling is done in two parts: line signaling and register signaling. In CAS R2 for E1 trunks, Line signaling|line signaling uses a single timeslot to communicate call states (such as off-hook, answering) for the remaining timeslots. Register signaling is the exchange of MFR2 tones to convey information such as the calling number, called number and calling party category. TelcoBridges CAS R2 scripts allow complete customization of the register signaling process, while having some characteristics of the line signaling process customizable. Scripts also contain information relative to the conversion of register signaling data - group B signals and categories - into a format that the application can interpret. The scripting language is Lua.

Mandatory elements

In order for CAS R2 variant scripts to work, some variables, tables and events must be defined from scripts. All of the following elements are required. If one of these elements is not present, it will not be possible to save the script in the Toolpack Web Portal or load it on the adapter.

VARIANT_ID

The VARIANT_ID variable must be filled to distinguish variants from each other. More precisely, it is used when transporting group B and category information with calls in order to convert information meaning across variants.

Default CAS R2 TelcoBridges scripts have variant IDs starting from 1. To avoid future conflicts, user scripts variant IDs should be prefixed with a sufficiently high value. For example, a modified ITU variant could have a ID equal to 0x0001001. Scripts may only share the same variant ID as other scripts if the category and group B meanings are exactly identical.

Group B conversion information

Group B conversion information in scripts is used to convert group B information between CAS R2 variants and between other signaling types. The following elements must be filled so that these conversions can be completed successfully.

GROUPB_DIGIT_TO_MEANING

Each GROUPB_DIGIT_TO_MEANING table element must contain two values: a digit and a meaning. The digit must be a valid digit value (1 to 15) and the meaning must be a valid meaning (see Group B meanings). Each digit must be present in the table.

This table is used to convert group B digits to meaning in the context of an outgoing call. For a given digit, the specified meaning will be propagated to the application.

GROUPB_MEANING_TO_DIGIT

Each GROUPB_MEANING_TO_DIGIT table element must contain two values: a meaning and a digit. Meanings must not appear more than once in the table.

This table is used to convert meanings to digits for an incoming call. This is mostly used for calls where the other call legs belong to another signaling type. It will be used if the other leg's signaling type is CAS R2 but the variant is different and there was no match in the GROUPB_OTHER_DIGITS table.

If a meaning is not found in this table, the meaning corresponding to GROUPB_DEFAULT_DIGIT will be used.

GROUPB_DEFAULT_DIGIT

This variable must be filled with a valid digit value. It will be used when lookups in the GROUPB_MEANING_TO_DIGIT table fail.

GROUPB_OTHER_DIGITS

Each GROUPB_OTHER_DIGITS table element must contain three values: a variant ID and two valid digit values. This table may be empty but cannot be omitted.

This table is used to convert a variant ID and a digit combination to a digit for the current variant in an outgoing call scenario.

Category conversion information

Category conversion information in scripts is used to convert category information between CAS R2 variants and between other signaling types. The following elements must be filled so that these conversions can be completed successfully.

The pattern used to handle categories is identical to the one used for group B conversions.

CATEGORY_DIGIT_TO_MEANING

Each CATEGORY_DIGIT_TO_MEANING table element must contain two values: a digit and a meaning. The digit must be a valid digit value (1 to 15) and the meaning must be a valid meaning (see Category meanings). Each digit must be present in the table.

This table is used to convert category digits to meaning in the context of an outgoing call. For a given digit, the specified meaning will be propagated to the application.

CATEGORY_MEANING_TO_DIGIT

Each CATEGORY_MEANING_TO_DIGIT table element must contain two values: a meaning and a digit. Meanings must not appear more than once in the table.

This table is used to convert meanings to digits for an incoming call. This is mostly used for calls where the other leg belongs to another signaling type, although it will be used if the other leg's signaling type is CAS R2 but the variant is different and there was no match in the CATEGORY_OTHER_DIGITS table.

If a meaning is not found in this table, the meaning corresponding to CATEGORY_DEFAULT_DIGIT will be used.

CATEGORY_DEFAULT_DIGIT

This variable must be filled with a valid digit value. It will be used when lookups in the CATEGORY_MEANING_TO_DIGIT table fail.

CATEGORY_OTHER_DIGITS

Each CATEGORY_OTHER_DIGITS table element must contain three values: a variant ID and two valid digit values. This table may be empty but cannot be omitted.

This table is used to convert a variant ID and a digit combination to a digit for the current variant in an outgoing call scenario.

Event handlers

Four register signaling event handlers must be defined in the script.

Call context table

Each event handler will have a table passed as a parameter. This table is the call context table, and contains critical information about the state of the call. Once calls are created (through Bwd_HandleNewCall and Fwd_HandleNewCall), the script must initialize the table with its own state information. Also, for incoming calls, as they go on, the script must fill the table with the collected signaling information. For outgoing calls, the table already contains this signaling information. The signaling information fields contained in the table are as follows:

Table element Description
DestinationNumber String of digits representing the called (destination) number.
OriginNumber String of digits representing the calling (origin) number.
Category Digit representing the calling party category. See Category conversion information.

Return values

Each event handlers must return two values. The first value is the action to take immediately or shortly following the call of the event. It must be set to one of the four following values:

First return value Description
WAIT_SIGNAL Generally emits the digit provided as the second return value, and waits for the response or the next compelled sequence.
END_SIGNALING Ends the call with the provided digit.
VALIDATE_CALL (Incoming only) Sends the cumulated signaling information to the application and ends the signaling.
PULSE_SIGNAL (Incoming only) Emits a pulsed signal.

The second return value is the digit that accompanies the action, or NO_DIGIT if no digit must be emitted. Its meaning depends on the first return value.

Backward event handlers

The following event functions must be defined so that the CAS R2 stack can proceed with register signaling for incoming calls.

Bwd_HandleNewCall

The Bwd_HandleNewCall event is called whenever an incoming call is discovered on a timeslot. The purpose of this event is for the script to initialize local variables that will be used throughout the tone exchanges.

The event will have the call context table passed as a parameter. This table must be filled with the call state information required by the script for a new incoming call.

The event must return two values as described in the following table:

First return value Description
WAIT_SIGNAL Waits for the first compelled sequence to be initiated. The second return value must be NO_DIGIT.
END_SIGNALING Ends the call immediately. The second return value must be NO_DIGIT.

Bwd_HandleFwdSignal

The Bwd_HandleFwdSignal is called whenever a tone signal has been received, which is most likely the beginning of a compelled sequence.

The event will receive two parameters: the call context table (which was also passed to Bwd_HandleNewCall) and the received tone signal. The event must use the received tone signal to fill the DestinationNumber, OriginNumber and Category fields of the call context table.

The event must return two values as described in the following table:

First return value Description
WAIT_SIGNAL Waits for the next compelled sequence to be initiated. The second return value must be a valid digit as it is emitted as a response to the current compelled sequence.
END_SIGNALING Ends the call immediately. The second return value can be either NO_DIGIT or a valid digit. If the digit is valid and has an acceptance meaning (see the Group B conversion information section), the call will be accepted without explicit validation by the application. Otherwise, the call will be refused. In both cases, the digit will be emitted.
VALIDATE_CALL Sends the cumulated signaling information to the application. The application will then provide a group B meaning (or digit) that will be sent to the outgoing end.
PULSE_SIGNAL Instead of waiting for the next compelled sequence, the event handler will be called again with NO_DIGIT as a second parameter. The second return value must be a valid digit since it will be sent to complete the current compelled sequence.

Forward event handlers

The following event functions must be defined so that the CAS R2 stack can proceed with register signaling for outgoing calls.

Fwd_HandleNewCall

The Fwd_HandleNewCall event is called whenever an outgoing call is initiated on a timeslot. The purpose of this event is for the script to initialize local variables that will be used throughout the tone exchanges.

The event will have the call context table passed as a parameter. This table must be filled with the call state information required by the script for a new incoming call.

The event must return two values as described in the following table:

First return value Description
WAIT_SIGNAL Waits for the response to the compelled sequence to be received. The second return value can be NO_DIGIT if a pulsed signal is expected. Otherwise, it must be a valid digit that is used to initiate the first compelled sequence.
END_SIGNALING Ends the call immediately. The second return value must be NO_DIGIT.

Fwd_HandleBwdSignal

The Fwd_HandleBwdSignal event is called whenever a tone signal has been received as a response to the current compelled sequence, which is most likely the beginning of a compelled sequence.

The event will receive two parameters: the call context table (which was also passed to Fwd_HandleNewCall) and the received tone signal. The event must use the available DestinationNumber, OriginNumber and Category fields from the call context table to communicate information to the incoming end.

The event must return two values as described in the following table:

First return value Description
WAIT_SIGNAL Waits for the response to the compelled sequence to be received. The second return value can be NO_DIGIT if a pulsed signal is expected. Otherwise, it must be a valid digit that is used to initiate the first compelled sequence.
END_SIGNALING Ends the call immediately. The second value must be NO_DIGIT.

Optional elements

The following elements may, or may not be, defined in a CAS R2 script.

SCRIPT_FILE_NAME

When affecting a value to this variable, the Toolpack Web Portal will automatically replace the value to the script name followed by the script revision. If the following piece of code is appended at the end of the script (this is done for default scripts), it will print a trace when loading a CAS R2 stack which can be recovered using an application such as tblogtrace.

VARIABLES

The VARIABLES table is used to declare variables which can be altered through the Toolpack Web Portal. Typically, variables declared here contain parameters that affect particular trunks. Each row of this table must contain three elements: the variable name, the variable's default value and the variable's description.

Good practices

  • Use the local keyword for declaring variables as much as possible. Non-local variables will stay alive outside the scope of event handlers, which in turn will take more CPU time in the form of garbage collection.

Tone generation module selection

By default the VoIP DSP devices are used to generate the MFCR2 tones. If the unit has only IVR DSP devices, or for other reasons, this can be changed by adding these lines to the scripts:

BWD_VP_GROUP = 0
FWD_VP_GROUP = 0

Script keyword reference

Stack variables

These variables are declared before the VARIABLES table is parsed in a script. A single script will modify the value one of these variables. It is also possible to edit these variables in the Toolpack Web Portal.

Variable name Default value Description
TIMER_BWD_TONE 15000 Maximum time before a call is closed because the forward end did not emit a tone.
TIMER_BWD_PULSE 250 Length of a pulsed digit.
TIMER_BWD_PULSE_GUARD 100 Time between the end of a compelled sequence and the beginning of a pulsed digit.
TIMER_BWD_PULSE_DETECTION 3000 Time elapsed after a compelled sequence that triggers a pulsed digit.
TIMER_BWD_ALERT 14000 Maximum wait time for an ALERT API message.
TIMER_BWD_ANSWER 300000 Maximum wait time for an ANSWER API message.
TIMER_BWD_FIRST_METERING_INTERVAL 150 Maximum time for which the CAS bits should stay in the ANSWER state before changing to METERING.
TIMER_BWD_METERING_INTERVAL 60000 Maximum time for which the CAS bits should stay in the ANSWER state before changing to METERING.
TIMER_BWD_METERING_PULSE 150 Maximum time for which the CAS bits should stay in the METERING state before changing to ANSWER.
TIMER_BWD_TERMINATE 3000 Maximum wait time for an TERMINATE API message.
TIMER_BWD_WAIT_CLEAR_FORWARD 2000 Maximum wait time for CLEAR_FORWARD CAS bits change when closing a call.
TIMER_BWD_HOLD_ANSWER 100 Maximum time for which the CAS bits should stay in the ANSWER state before changing to CLEAR_BACKWARD.
TIMER_BWD_HOLD_CLEAR_BACKWARD 200 Maximum time for which the CAS bits should stay in the CLEAR_BACKWARD state.
TIMER_BWD_HOLD_FORCED_RELEASE 200 Maximum time for which the CAS bits should stay in the FORCED_RELEASE state.
TIMER_BWD_HOLD_IDLE 100 Maximum time for which the CAS bits should stay in the IDLE state before starting a new call on the same timeslot.
TIMER_FWD_TONE 15000 Maximum time before a call is closed because the forward end did not emit a tone.
TIMER_FWD_TONE_GUARD 0 Time between the end of a compelled sequence and the beginning of the next one.
TIMER_FWD_SEIZURE_ACK_BIT 200 Maximum time for which the forward end should wait for a CAS bits SEIZURE_ACKNOWLEDGE state.
TIMER_FWD_ANSWER_BIT 300000 Maximum time for which the forward end should wait for a CAS bits ANSWER state.
TIMER_FWD_METERING_PULSE 0 Maximum wait time for an ANSWER CAS bit state to be triggered before a call is terminated.
TIMER_FWD_TERMINATE 3000 Maximum wait time for an TERMINATE API message.
TIMER_FWD_HOLD_SEIZURE 100 Maximum time for which the SEIZURE CAS bits state should be held in case of a collision.
TIMER_FWD_HOLD_IDLE 100 Maximum time for which the CAS bits should stay in the IDLE state before starting a new call on the same timeslot.
TIMER_CAS_CHANGE 20 Time required for a CAS bits state change to take effect.
ABCD_PATTERN_IDLE 0x1001 CAS R2 bit pattern for the IDLE state.
ABCD_PATTERN_BLOCKED 0x1101 CAS R2 bit pattern for the BLOCKED state.
ABCD_PATTERN_FWD_SEIZURE 0x0001 CAS R2 bit pattern for the forward SEIZURE state.
ABCD_PATTERN_FWD_CLEAR_FWD 0x1001 CAS R2 bit pattern for the forward CLEAR state.
ABCD_PATTERN_BWD_SEIZURE_ACK 0x1101 CAS R2 bit pattern for the backward SEIZURE ACKNOWLEDGE state.
ABCD_PATTERN_BWD_ANSWERED 0x0101 CAS R2 bit pattern for the backward ANSWERED state.
ABCD_PATTERN_BWD_CLEAR_BWD 0x1101 CAS R2 bit pattern for the backward CLEAR state.
ABCD_PATTERN_BWD_FORCED_RELEASE 0x0001 CAS R2 bit pattern for the backward FORCED RELEASE state.
ABCD_PATTERN_MATCH_MASK 0x1100 CAS R2 bit match mask pattern.
USE_FORCED_RELEASE 0 Flag indicating if the CAS R2 line signaling state machine should use the forced release method.
BWD_METERING_PULSE_COUNT 0 Number of metering pulses that the CAS R2 line signaling state machine should emit.

Group B meanings

Here is the list of all defined group B meanings: 

ACCEPT_CHARGE
ACCEPT_NO_CHARGE
REJECT_UNSPECIFIED
REJECT_UNALLOCATED_NUMBER
REJECT_NO_ROUTE_TO_NETWORK
REJECT_NO_ROUTE_TO_DESTINATION
REJECT_USER_BUSY
REJECT_SUBSCRIBER_ABSENT
REJECT_CALL_REJECTED
REJECT_NUMBER_CHANGED
REJECT_EXCHANGE_ROUTING_ERROR
REJECT_DESTINATION_OUT_OF_ORDER
REJECT_ADDRESS_INCOMPLETE
REJECT_NO_CIRCUIT_AVAILABLE
REJECT_NETWORK_OUT_OF_ORDER
REJECT_TEMPORARY_FAILURE
REJECT_SWITCHING_EQUIP_CONGESTION
REJECT_REQUESTED_CIRCUIT_NOT_AVAILABLE
REJECT_RESOURCE_UNAVAILABLE
REJECT_SERVICE_NOT_AVAILABLE
REJECT_CALL_IDENTITY_DOES_NOT_EXIST
REJECT_CALL_IDENTITY_IN_USE
REJECT_PROTOCOL_ERROR
REJECT_INTERWORKING_UNSPECIFIED

Category meanings

Here is the list of all defined category meanings: 

CATEGORY_UNKNOWN
CATEGORY_OPERATOR_FRENCH
CATEGORY_OPERATOR_ENGLISH
CATEGORY_OPERATOR_GERMAN
CATEGORY_OPERATOR_RUSSIAN
CATEGORY_OPERATOR_SPANISH
CATEGORY_SUBSCRIBER
CATEGORY_SUBSCRIBER_WITH_PRIORITY
CATEGORY_DATA
CATEGORY_TEST
CATEGORY_PAYPHONE

Link to Routing script calling party categories

References

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